· Internal structure of monocotyledonous stem consists of:§ Epidermis, § Hypodermis, § Ground tissue and § Vascular bundles
- Epidermis
· Hypodermis§ Is made of few layer of sclerenchymatous cells lying below the epidermis§ This layer gives mechanical strength to the plant
· Ground Tissue§ Consists of cells inner to the hypodermis§ Is not distinguished into zones like the dicot stem§ The cells contain reserve food material e.g. starch§ Contains the vascular bundles § Carry out gaseous exchange function
· Vascular Bundles§ Vascular bundles are scattered in the ground tissue § The vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral, endarch and closed§ Vascular bundles are skull shaped
§ Xylem§ Forms the woody part of the plant§ Carries water and minerals up the plant
§ Dead at functional maturity
§ Phloem§ Consists of sieve tubes and companion cells§ Phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres are absent
